The Beginner's Mail Order Business Guide

No claim is made that the steps outlined would besales or more inmail order.* To evaluate your
successful for someone else. Each individual shouldadvertising cost, think in terms of cost per inquiry. This
obtain whatever professional advice mayis calculated by dividing the number of inquiries into the
benecessary for his particular operation.cost of the ad. that cost may vary from about $$0.80
to $2.00 or more.* Be careful when you allocate
INTRODUCTIONadvertising funds to small mail order publications. The
ad may appear to be very inexpensive. However, a
The following is designed to provide a check list for$15.00 ad that gets no response is a lot more
new entrants into the mail order field. Each mail orderexpensive than a $150.00 ad that gets over 100
business is different, but there are common elementsinquiries.* Stay away from those publications that have
that apply to most mail order businesses, as well asno news or editorial content, and also those that have
some specific characteristics that may vary frompoor printing quality.* There are a number of quality
business to business. The following suggestions weremail order publications, but it takes time to find the right
developed to assist you in avoiding costly mistakes.publication for your product.
Apply the various points as they relate to your specific
business.ADVERTISING COPY
COMPANY NAME* Write tight copy.* Write as you speak. You are
generally appealing to a mass market.* Prepare your
* Select a short, easily remembered name.* Unlesscopy carefully. It must fit your specific medium.* The
you are using your own name, it is required in mostemphasis should be on YOU rather than I, the
jurisdictions that a trade name is either registered withcompany.* Be sincere and don't make unreasonable
the county or the state.* Before you spend money forclaims, but remember that you are selling.* Try to
printing material, make sure that the name you chooseconvince the reader that you are reliable
is not already registered to another company. You canandtrustworthy.* Give simple specific instruction.* Key
usually conduct a name search with an office of theall ads to test their effectiveness.* Check and double
appropriate jurisdiction by telephone.* You maycheck, and have someone else check your ad to
consider using a name that describes your product.make sure everything is correct and easy to
understand.* Watch where your competitors are
COMPANY ADDRESSadvertising.* Experiment with new publications.* It is
generally considered impossible to sell something that
* Most newly established mail order businesses willcosts more than $2.00 - $3.00 direct from either a
operate out of their home until the volume of theclassified ad or a small display ad. This is because
business requires larger space.* Most mail orderthere just is not enough space to convince someone
businesses prefer not to use their home address asto part with $10.00 or $20.00, for example. It takes a
their company address. If you do, you will advertisefull page ad to do that.* If you use an agency, use one
your home address in regional and national publications.that specializes in mail order, even if it is located out of
You have two other choices, a Post Office Box(POB)town.
or a postal box located in a commercial enterprise
which rents out mail boxes.* A POB is generally theRESPONDING TO INQUIRIES
least expensive, both to rent and for advertising
purposes. (See below) Some mail order operators* Each inquiry you receive in response to an ad should
claim that it reduces business because people do notbe answered via First Class, if at all possible, within 24
trust a POB address. Yet there are just as many mailhours.* The contents of the envelope going to the
order operators who disprove this notion. The decisionprospective customer should contain: a circular,
is yours.* If you rent a mail box in a commercialpromotional flier, or mini-brochure, a sales letter, an
enterprise, your box number usually becomes a suiteorder form (the order form can be part of the circular),
number in the address.* Almost all publications willa return envelope, and other appropriate information,
charge you a full word charge for each component ofsuch as a fact sheet, a free report, etc.* In general,
your address, except the Zip Code and State which iscirculars should be limited to one 8 1/2 x 11 page.* A
counted as one word, Example: Information Books, 300sales letter, on the other hand, can be as long as it
Main Street, Suite 611, Centerville,Md 20910takes to say everything you need to say to a
Or:Information Books, Box 1000, Centerville, Md 20910.prospective customer in order to sell him the product.*
Sales letters should have an attention getting opening.
* The first address is counted as 9 words, the secondThe idea of the opening is to get him to read the rest
one as 6 words. Since advertising costs anywhereof the letter.
from 50 cents to $10.00 per word (classified
advertising) you could save a substantial amount ofPOSTAGE AND SHIPPING COST
money at the end of the year if you use a post office
box.* Answer inquiries to your advertising immediately and
via First Class Mail. Use Bulk Mail for future mailings.*
TELEPHONEYou can save a great deal of money by getting a
Bulk Mail permit. Mail must be sorted by zip code. Get
* Some mail order companies do not show their phonemore specific information from your Post
numbers on their stationery, others do. It gives the
customer some comfort to see a telephone number,Office.* Keep your mailing lists clean - updated.* Utilize
although he may never use it.* You can show yourall of the various mail classes, such as Printed Mail and
residence phone number in the appropriate printedBook rate.* Compare costs of shippers other than the
material, or you can obtain a business listing for yourPost Office.* Guarantee return postage.* Watch your
home.* The residence phone is fine, for starters, if it isshipping weight. A fraction of an ounce can make a
answered in a professional manner at all times.* If youbig difference in a large mailing.
plan to sell higher priced ticket items, however,(over
$15.00) a business listing would be advantageous sincePRINTING COST
a prospective customer may pick up the phone and
check with the information operator whether* Very large printers will not be interested in your
"Company X" is listed.business. Very small ones, quick printers and instant
printers although convenient, are generally too
BASIC SUPPLIESexpensive. Their equipment is not large enough to be
competitive.* There are many medium sized printers
* Be conservative and frugal in your acquisition ofthat will give you good pricing and quality printing. Often
items that you feel are needed. It's always wise tothey have the capability to help you with layout and
start small, and as inexpensively as possible, and asdesign.* Don't hesitate to use out of town printers. If
you build profits, you canbuy more and better items.*you live in a high cost-of -living area, you can probably
The basics are a good quality computer, Businesssave a substantial amount of money. Many of these
stationery, business envelopes (#10's), and returnprinters advertise in mail order publications.* Utilize the
envelopes, either #6 or #9 is fine. All items should havepromotional material available from your supplier.* Until
your business name and addressimprinted on them.*you know what sells, print small quantities, even if it is
You will also need some mailing labels and somemore expensive.* Use colored paper for your
miscellaneous office supplies.promotional flyers to spice up your offer. Use white
paper, blue or black ink for everything else.
PRODUCT
CUSTOMER PAYMENTS, REFUNDS AND
* If possible, choose a product or products that peopleCOMPLAINTS
needon an ongoing basis.* Be sure the product is of
acceptable quality. Know theproduct before you sell it.** Accept money orders and checks.* Some mail order
If feasible, choose an item that is not widelycompanies state in their material that they will not ship
availablefrom retailers.* Develop a line of merchandise.for 10 days to 2 weeks when payment is made with
It is rarely possible to make money with just one oran out of town check. This may be an unwise practice
two items. The availability of a line of related productsbecause, it can create ill feelings with your customers.
is paramount to mail order success.* The moreNSF checks are rare.* An increasing number of mail
specialized your products are, the easier yourorder companies accept credit cards - Visa and
marketing becomes.* If you are selling books, forMasterCard - for payment. It is generally felt that it
example, it would be impossible, except for a verydoes increase sales.* If you cannot obtain a credit card
large company, to sell all types of books. You maymerchant agreement with your bank work through a
decide to specialize in books pertaining to sports, andcredit card clearing house. A number of these
may want to go even further by zeroing in on footballcompanies advertise in mail order publications. Since
or baseball.these companies generally charge between 6-9%, it
may be wise to set a minimum amount such as $15.00
SUPPLIERSfor credit card orders.* Remember, "the customer" is
always right. An argument won,is usually a customer
* Your suppliers should provide you with reliable,lost.* If you receive an order with an underpayment,
quality,and reasonable pricing.* Since you probablyship the order and bill the customer for the difference.*
should provide some type of a money backguaranteeMake refunds on overpayments quickly.* Most mail
(30 days is standard) you should expect the sameorder companies offer a 30 day money back
guarantee from your suppliers.* When buying from outguarantee. Some offer 90 days and even more.* It is
of town suppliers, be sure to include the shippingunwise to offer money back guarantees on items
charge in comparing prices to local suppliers.priced very inexpensively, for example, a $3.00 report.
DROP-SHIPMENTSRECORD KEEPING
* Under a drop-ship agreement which is available from* As in any business, it is important to keep records.*
many suppliers for a variety of products, the supplierYou need records to tell you what is going on in your
ships your customers' orders directly under yourbusiness; to evaluate both your revenues and your
shipping label. (Suggested reading:expenses.* It is also required by law that you keep
"American-Drop-Shippers Directory".)* It is customarycertain records.* Keep especially good records of your
that the supplier guarantees not to include any of hisadvertising expenses so you can evaluate your
promotional materials with the shipment; or to use youradvertising on an ongoing basis.
customer's name for any future mailings.*
Drop-shipping arrangements are suitable for peopleMAILING LISTS
just getting started. It allows you not to have to carry a
costly inventory.* As your business increases and you* It is recommended that you do no direct mailings,
develop a sense of what sells well, you can stockexcept to your own list of customers and inquirers, until
limited supplies of certain fast selling items, andyou havethoroughly tested a specific product through
continue utilizing drop-shipments for slower products.advertising.* Stay away from inexpensive mailing lists,
Eventually, as your business flourishes, you can carryunder $40.00 -$50.00 per 1000.* Avoid mailing lists
an inventory of everything you sell.* Handling your ownwhose owners make unrealistic claims.* Work with a
shipments is advantageous for the following reasons: Itlist broker who wants to see your product before he
cuts down on your shipping expenses, it decreaseswill rent you a list. Lists are rented for one time use.*
the shipping time, and it allows you to includeLists from professional list brokers rent from $60.00
promotional material directly with the shipment.* Whenandup, per thousand names.* The general consensus
you do utilize drop-shipments, be sure to send youris that you need to mail a minimum of 1000 names to
customer a note that his order is being processed andget a fair reading. 5000 names would give you a more
he can expect it by, or around a certain date.* It isaccurate test.* Buyer' names are better than names
unnecessary to make your customer aware of theof inquiries.* The best mailing list is your own list of
fact that the item is being drop-shipped. Include somebuyers. Second best is your own list of inquirers.
promotional material with your letter or note.
FOLLOW UP
PRICING
* The most important factor in mail order is
* Buy at a price that allows you an adequate mark-up.FOLLOW-UP Substantial profits can be generated
In setting your prices, allow for all costs:* Cost offrom this segment, if it is properly handled.* You can
product, shipping cost and postage, bank chargesgenerate a lot of sales by including promotional
including credit card charges, wrapping, bad debts,material when filling orders for customers. Other orders
rejects, refunds, etc. In addition, the other normalare generated from mailings that are made to former
overhead costs need to be considered,. Lastly, there iscustomers, as well as individuals who inquired about an
the substantial marketing cost for advertising, and foroffer in the past.* Send out regular mailings to your
printing ofpromotional items. (See followingcustomers. At a minimum,four times per year.
paragraphs)* Your prices of course, have to be fairHowever, you can send out mailings as often as
and in line with your competition.* It is not necessaryevery 6 weeks or so, if you have a new product to
that you make a big profit on each and every item. theoffer.* As you build your mailing lists and you send out
real profit in mail order comes from follow-up orders.*regularmailings, your orders will start flowing in.
THE 3 BIGGEST EXPENSE CATEGORIES IN MAIL
ORDER ARE: ADVERTISING, PRINTING COST, ANDRESEARCH AND EDUCATION
POSTAGE. Over 80% of your total expenses are in
this area. Watch these expenses very carefully.* Whether you are new to this field or not, to stay on
top, you must continue your education by reading
ADVERTISING EXPENSEbooks and reports on mail order and subscribing to
mail order publications.* Always be on the lookout for
* Start with classified ads. As you test them and knownew products you can offer your customers.* Study
whatis successful, you can switch to display ads.* Tothe advertising of your competitors. Request
test an offering and a specific ad, run it once in atheirmaterial and study it.* Study all mailings you
specific publication and you should get a reading thatreceive.
could be very positive or very negative. It might also
be inconclusive. If that is the case, simply run it again.* ItContinue to learn about mail order by reading,
is best to test an ad by running it in differentexperimenting, and talking with other mail order
publications.* Advertise in publications that advertiseoperators. Have patience. Success will not come
similar products.* If you have a sure seller, buy largerovernight. It takes time to build a successful business.
space.* Special interest products should be advertisedStart slowly and expand your business from your
in special interest publications.* Keep on changing theprofits.
ad and offering until you are satisfiedit is right.*
Examples of changes you can make are: size of ad,Good Luck!
copy,appeal, special gimmicks such as discounts, free
gifts or reports, etc.* Remember that a given ad canCopyright 2004 by DeAnna SpencerDeAnna Spencer
be 20 or 30 times more successful than another adis a virtual assistant that helps entrepreneurs run a
advertising the same product. It pays, therefore, tosuccessful business by providing affordable
continue testing until it is just right.* Repeat aadministrative help. She also publishes a blog for small
successful ad until you no longer get a satisfactorybusiness owners. Visit this small business resource
return.* The conventional advertising cost is 15% oftoday.